The Law of Segregation, proposed by Gregor Mendel, states that during the formation of gametes (sex cells), the two alleles for a gene separate (or segregate) from each other into different gametes. As a result, each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.
This principle also embodies the idea of the purity of gametes because, according to Mendel’s observations, each gamete carries only one allele for a specific trait.
Therefore, when two gametes combine during fertilization, the resulting offspring will inherit one allele from each parent, leading to the restoration of the paired alleles for a given trait.
This segregation ensures that the gametes remain “pure” in terms of their genetic information for a particular trait.