1.Plasma, constituting the straw-colored, slightly alkaline, and viscous component of blood, comprises 90-92% water and 8-10% soluble proteins. Among these proteins, such as serum albumin, serum globulin, heparin, fibrinogen, and prothrombin, collectively make up 7% of the plasma, contributing to its crucial physiological functions.
2.Furthermore, plasma serves as a carrier for essential nutrients like glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol. Simultaneously, it contains nitrogenous wastes (urea, uric acid, ammonia, and creatinine) and respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide). Additionally, plasma acts as a medium for the transportation of enzymes and hormones. Lastly, it incorporates inorganic minerals such as bicarbonates, chlorides, phosphates, and sulphates of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
Function of blood plasma:
1. Blood plasma is extracted from the liquid part of blood and is crucial for determining blood groups in research studies.
2. It contains vital proteins and essential components, making it valuable for transfusions in patients with liver failure or severe injuries.
3. Plasma contains fibrinogen, aiding in blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding during injuries.
4. It transports glucose, nutrients, and regulates body temperature, contributing to optimal health.
5. Acting as a blood matrix, plasma facilitates the circulation of blood cells, hormones, and waste products, playing a vital role in excretory processes.