Simple goiter:
Simple goitre, also known as endemic goitre, arises from a deficiency of iodine in the diet. This deficiency leads to a reduced iodine level in the bloodstream. To compensate for this shortage, the thyroid gland attempts to extract more iodine from the blood, prompting an increase in blood supply to the gland. Consequently, this heightened blood flow results in the enlargement or swelling of the thyroid gland.
2.Exophthalmic goitre:
Exophthalmic goitre, alternatively known as toxic goitre, is characterized by a hyperactive thyroid gland, resulting from the overstimulation of thyroid function, often associated with an excess of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This medical condition is also referred to as Grave’s disease or hyperthyroidism. The heightened thyroid activity leads to a range of symptoms and manifestations, encompassing not only thyroid enlargement but also the distinct ocular symptom of exophthalmos, where the eyes protrude from their sockets.