Acche Marks 1. Eukaryotic cell DNA (2.2 meters) undergoes condensation, coiling, and supercoiling for efficient packaging in the nucleus (10-16 meters). 2. DNA associates with both histone and non-histone proteins. 3. Histones, positively charged basic proteins, are rich in lysine and arginine amino acid residues. 4. The nucleosome consists of a nucleosome core with two molecules each … Read more
The nucleosomal ‘core’ histones consist of two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Degeneracy in the genetic code refers to the phenomenon where a specific amino acid can be encoded by multiple codons. This coding redundancy enables a wide range of permutations and combinations for the representation of a given amino acid, often with variations in just one nucleotide among codons that share the same meaning.
Codon A codon, found on mRNA, consists of three nucleotides and encodes a specific amino acid. Codogen A triplet of nucleotides on DNA, known as codon, dictates the synthesis of a specific amino acid.
DNA replication occurs in the S-phase of the cell cycle, where helicase unwinds the DNA strand, allowing the formation of two identical double DNA strands using single strands as templates.
1. Fragments on the lagging strand are created during DNA synthesis. 2. Synthesis occurs in the 5′ to 3′ direction toward the replication fork. 3. These fragments enable replication on only one of the two strands. 4. This enhances the efficiency of DNA replication.
super-helix relaxing enzyme(Topoisomerase) alleviates supercoiling in replicating DNA.
The genome, found in an organism’s DNA or RNA, encompasses genes and non-coding sequences. It holds all information necessary for an organism’s construction and maintenance. In humans, each cell with a nucleus contains a complete genome of over 3 billion DNA base pairs.
The triplet codes on m-RNA are positioned consecutively without gaps or spaces, making the genetic code regarded as devoid of commas.
The RNA primer attracts matching nucleotides from the nucleoplasm, facilitating the construction of a complementary mRNA strand.