Biocontrol agents, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoans, are utilized to manage pathogens, pests, and weeds. They either induce the disease in pests, compete with them, or directly eliminate them. Examples: Bacillus thuringiensis: 1. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) serves as a microbial pesticide specifically designed for eliminating butterflies and caterpillars. 2. Bt is employed to … Read more
Biogas, an eco-friendly renewable energy, results from breaking down organic matter like food scraps and animal waste. It can power vehicles, heat homes, and generate electricity. Anaerobic digestion encompasses the following processes: i. Hydrolysis or solubilization: Clostridium and Pseudomonas, as anaerobic hydrolyzing bacteria, break down carbohydrates into simple sugars, proteins into amino acids, and lipids … Read more
1. Many home-cooked dishes involve the use of microorganisms. 2. Dhokla is prepared from gram flour and buttermilk using Lactobacilli through fermentation. 3. Dosa and idlis are made from rice and black gram batter, fermented by airborne Leuconostoc and Streptococcus bacteria. 4. Some mushrooms and truffles, with large fleshy fruiting bodies, are consumed as sugar-free, … Read more
Shellac is the refined state of lac acquired through the process of washing and filtration.
Estuaries are confined water areas where freshwater from lakes and streams merges with ocean saltwater, serving as transitional zones from rivers to maritime ecosystems, enclosed by land on both sides.
A homogeneous group of animals within a species, subspecies, or variety, characterized by shared descent and similarities in general appearance, size, configuration, and other features. Examples include Sahiwal and Brown Swiss.
The streptococcus bacterium generates streptokinase, which is employed to dissolve blood clots in individuals experiencing myocardial infarction or cardiac conditions.
Production of dairy production: Curd: It can be a finished dairy product or the initial step in making cheese. Coagulation, induced by rennet, culture, or edible acids like lemon juice, causes milk proteins to form solid curds. Yogurt: Yogurt forms by blending heated milk with bacteria, specifically Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. The mixture is … Read more
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the microbial origin of the enzyme invertase.
Pseudomonas denitrificans is the microbial origin of vitamin B12.