12 Class

The Mesozoic era’s Jurassic period is recognized as the age dominated by reptiles.

1. Coacervates, sizable colloidal particles, precipitate in water and are considered the initial pre-cells. 2. These structures are proposed to undergo a gradual transformation leading to the emergence of living cells in the theory of chemical evolution.

“Homo sapiens denotes the scientific classification for contemporary human beings.”

These are organs that were once functional but have diminished in their functionality due to evolutionary changes.

Homologous organs exhibit a similar structure or embryonic origin but serve different functions in diverse organisms, offering compelling support for the theory of evolution.

1. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium asserts that genetic variation stays constant in a population under random mating and no disruptive factors, predicting stable genotype and allele frequencies. 2. However, natural forces like mutations, selection, nonrandom mating, genetic drift, and gene flow often disturb this equilibrium, making it more of an idealized concept than a practical reality … Read more

Genetic drift refers to variations in a population that arise purely by chance rather than through natural selection influencing allele frequency changes.

Definition: Adaptive radiation refers to the evolutionary process where diverse species emerge from a common ancestor and spread out in various directions.e.g 1. Darwin’s finches on the Galapagos Islands exemplify adaptive radiation, originating from a single seed-eating species that arrived by chance. 2. The diverse beak shapes in these finches evolved as a result of … Read more

Speciation refers to the evolutionary process wherein a single species diverges into two or more genetically distinct entities, often influenced by factors such as genetic drift, migration, geographical isolation, and natural selection.

Population refers to the aggregate count of individuals residing in a specific region during a given timeframe. It encapsulates the total number of people present in a particular area at a designated moment. Essentially, population represents the collective populace within a defined temporal and spatial context.