1. Tricuspid Valve: – Location: Junction of right atrium and right ventricle. – Function: Opens for blood flow from right atrium to right ventricle. 2. Pulmonary Valve: – Location: Right ventricle and pulmonary artery. – Function: Opens for blood flow from right ventricle to lungs. 3. Bicuspid Valve (Mitral Valve): – Location: Left atrium. – … Read more
1. The heart is positioned on the left side of the chest within a fluid-filled space called the pericardial cavity. 2. This cavity is enveloped by a protective membrane known as the pericardium. 3. The pericardium, a fibrous membrane, serves as an external covering for the heart. 4. Its primary function is to safeguard the … Read more
Blood clotting, also known as coagulation, is a crucial mechanism that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is damaged. Platelets, a type of blood cell, collaborate with proteins in the plasma (the liquid component of blood) to form a clot, effectively halting the bleeding at the site of injury. The process of blood clotting … Read more
1.Plasma, constituting the straw-colored, slightly alkaline, and viscous component of blood, comprises 90-92% water and 8-10% soluble proteins. Among these proteins, such as serum albumin, serum globulin, heparin, fibrinogen, and prothrombin, collectively make up 7% of the plasma, contributing to its crucial physiological functions. 2.Furthermore, plasma serves as a carrier for essential nutrients like glucose, … Read more
Sneezing involves the involuntary contraction of expiratory muscles, leading to a forceful release of air through the nose and mouth.
B. A respiratory surface area should be kept dry Correct statement: It is essential to maintain moisture on a respiratory surface.
1. The nose filters inhaled air through fine hairs and mucus, promoting cleaner air intake. 2. Nasal breathing adds moisture and warmth to the air, facilitating smoother entry into the lungs and enhancing oxygen delivery to tissues.
The epiglottis safeguards the trachea from ingested food during the process of eating.
Gas exchange occurs swiftly at the alveolar level due to the abundance of approximately 700 million alveoli in the lungs, creating a substantial surface area for efficient gaseous exchange.
Insects respire directly through tracheal tubes, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the haemocoel. This haemocoel, in turn, directly transfers these gases to the tissues for metabolic processes. The process is aptly termed “direct respiration” in insects due to this efficient exchange pathway.