Function: Regulating anion-cation balance within cells, essential for protein synthesis, contributing to cell membrane formation, modulating stomatal activity, activating enzymes, and sustaining cellular turgidity. Deficiency Indicators: Manifested as yellowing leaf edges and premature cell death.
Function: Essential component of cell membranes, specific proteins, nucleic acids, and nucleotides; crucial for all phosphorylation reactions. Deficiency Effects: Manifests as poor growth and dull green leaves.
Function: Serving as building blocks in proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, hormones, coenzymes, ATP, and the chlorophyll molecule. Deficiency Effects: Manifesting as stunted growth and chlorosis.
Arithmetic Growth: 1. Only one daughter cell continues division, while the other undergoes differentiation and maturation. 2. Rate of growth is constant, resulting in a linear curve described by Lt = Lo + rt. Geometric Growth: 1. Both daughter cells continue to divide and redivide. 2. Rate of growth is initially slow but becomes rapid, … Read more
1. Cell division gives rise to cells that eventually lose their ability to divide and undergo re-differentiation, specializing in specific functions. 2. An example of re-differentiation occurs during the formation of secondary xylem and phloem in the vascular cambium.
1. Differentiation is the mechanism through which cell types acquire unique forms and functions. 2. Stem cells utilize differentiation to transform into specialized cell types with specific roles. 3. This crucial process is fundamental for the development of diverse organs in multicellular organisms. 4. The differentiation of cells ensures the creation of distinct and functional … Read more
The cumulative duration of growth phases in a cell or organ is termed as the grand period of growth.
Photoperiod, the duration of day and night, influences flowering in certain plants, dictating the seasonal bloom of flowers. Charles Darwin and his son Francis unveiled this natural phenomenon in 1880, recognizing sunlight’s role in triggering flowering cycles.
Vernalization is the process of exposing germinating seeds to low temperatures as a pretreatment, which is necessary for the flowering of certain plants.
Bolting, characterized by the elongation of internodes before flowering in rosette plants such as beet and cabbage, is a result of the influence of gibberellins.