Each ovule develops within the ovary, connected to the placenta by a small stalk known as the funiculus. The point where the funiculus attaches to the main body of the ovule is termed the hilum.
In angiosperms, the prevalent ovule type is anatropous, with the micropyle directed downward and situated next to the funiculus (funicle). The ovule comprises central parenchymatous tissue, the nucellus, surrounded by two protective coverings called integuments—outer and inner. A narrow opening at the ovule’s apex is the micropyle, while the base opposite to the micropyle is the chalaza. The embryo sac (female gametophyte) is an oval multicellular structure embedded in the nucellus.