1. Cardiac Output: A typical cardiac output is 5 liters per minute. Elevated cardiac output correlates with an increase in systolic pressure.
2. Peripheral Resistance: The resistance in peripheral vessels hinges on their diameter. Vasoconstriction induced by vasopressin results in heightened peripheral resistance, leading to an elevation in blood pressure.
3. Blood Volume: Traumatic blood loss diminishes blood volume, causing a subsequent drop in blood pressure.
4. Blood Viscosity: Blood pressure is directly linked to blood viscosity.
5. Age: Blood pressure tends to rise with age due to increased vessel rigidity.
6. Venous Return: Venous return, proportional to blood pressure, signifies the amount of blood returned to the heart through veins per unit time.
7. Blood Vessel Dimensions: Blood pressure correlates with the total length of blood vessels and can be influenced by vasoconstriction or vasodilation.
8. Gender: Before menopause, females generally exhibit slightly lower blood pressure than males of the same age. However, post-menopause, females face an elevated risk of hypertension.