Long Answers

Describe female reproductive system of human.

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The human female reproductive system consists of several important parts: i. Internal Genitalia: a. Ovary: The primary female sex organ, solid, oval, or almond-shaped, located near the kidneys. Measures 3 cm in length, 1.5 cm in breadth, and 1 cm in thickness. Positioned in the upper lateral part of the pelvis, held in place by … Read more

How Indian culture and traditions helped in bio-diversity conservation? Give importance of conservation in terms of utilitarian reasons.

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1. In various Indian cultural and religious traditions, biodiversity finds protection and reverence, as seen in festivals and practices. For instance, Nagpanchami celebrates the respect for snakes, acknowledging their role in the ecosystem by controlling the rat population. 2. The Vatapournima festival involves the worship of a banyan tree, showcasing the cultural significance of plants. … Read more

During large public gatherings like Pandharpur vari mobile toilets are deployed by the government. Explain how this organic waste is disposed.

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1) Government deploys mobile toilets, showcasing ecological sanitation, especially during large public events like Pandharpur vari. 2) This approach to human waste disposal is practical, efficient, and cost-effective. 3) Ecological sanitation (ecosan) is implemented to conserve water and prevent sewage generation, employing dry composting toilets as a sustainable solution. Organic waste disposal: 1) Ecosan is … Read more

How BS emission standards changed over time? Why is it essential?

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i. The latest fuel policy outlines stringent norms to reduce the sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel, emphasizing the upgrading of engines. These standards, known as Bharat stage emission standards (BS), align with Euro norms and have progressed from Bharat Stage II (BS-II) to BS-VI between 2001 and 2017. ii. The modification of … Read more

Name any 2 personalities who have contributed to control deforestation in our country. Elaborate on importance of their work.

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i. Saalumarada Thimmakka, an Indian environmentalist hailing from Karnataka, has gained recognition for her remarkable efforts in planting and caring for 385 banyan trees along a 4 km stretch between Hulikal and Kudur. Her extensive tree-planting endeavors extend to nearly 8000 other trees, earning her the esteemed National Citizens Award of India and the prestigious … Read more

Montreal protocol is an essential step. Why is it so?

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i. In response to the recognized detrimental effects of ozone depletion, the Montreal Protocol, an international treaty signed in 1987 in Montreal (Canada), stands as a pivotal measure to regulate the emission of ozone-depleting substances. ii. Subsequent to its inception, additional endeavors and protocols have been established, delineating distinct roadmaps for both developing and developed … Read more

Discribe carbon cycle and add a note on the impact of human activities on carbon cycle.

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Reservoir of Carbon: 1) Carbon, constituting 49% of organisms’ dry weight, serves as the primary component of all organic compounds in protoplasm, making all life forms on Earth carbon-based. 2) Approximately 71% of carbon exists dissolved in oceans, playing a crucial role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. 3) Carbon stored in rocks and fossil … Read more

Write important features of a sedimentary cycle in an ecosystem.

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Sedimentary cycles primarily involve reservoirs within the Earth’s crust or rocks, and nutrient elements, such as sulphur, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium, are part of these cycles found in the Earth’s sediments. Key characteristics of a sedimentary cycle within an ecosystem include: 1) The Earth’s crust serves as the principal reservoir for minerals like phosphorus, calcium, … Read more

Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.

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Decomposition: Metabolism involves decomposing complex compounds by taking in raw materials, processing them, and converting them into simpler compounds. Decomposition progresses through five distinct steps or phases in its entirety. Fragmentation: In the early phase of decomposition, detritus undergoes fragmentation as detritivores break it down into smaller pieces. Leaching: Leaching occurs when fragmented particles, which … Read more