Which are the nucleosomal ‘core’ histones?
The nucleosomal ‘core’ histones consist of two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Very Short Answer
What is degeneracy of genetic code?
Degeneracy in the genetic code refers to the phenomenon where a specific amino acid can be encoded by multiple codons. This coding redundancy enables a wide range of permutations and combinations for the representation of a given amino acid, often with variations in just one nucleotide among codons that share the same meaning.
Define term-codon and codogen.
Codon A codon, found on mRNA, consists of three nucleotides and encodes a specific amino acid. Codogen A triplet of nucleotides on DNA, known as codon, dictates the synthesis of a specific amino acid.
When does DNA replication take place?
DNA replication occurs in the S-phase of the cell cycle, where helicase unwinds the DNA strand, allowing the formation of two identical double DNA strands using single strands as templates.
Why are okazaki fragments formed on lagging strand only?
1. Fragments on the lagging strand are created during DNA synthesis. 2. Synthesis occurs in the 5′ to 3′ direction toward the replication fork. 3. These fragments enable replication on only one of the two strands. 4. This enhances the efficiency of DNA replication.
Which enzyme does remove supercoils from replicating DNA?
super-helix relaxing enzyme(Topoisomerase) alleviates supercoiling in replicating DNA.
What is genome?
The genome, found in an organism’s DNA or RNA, encompasses genes and non-coding sequences. It holds all information necessary for an organism’s construction and maintenance. In humans, each cell with a nucleus contains a complete genome of over 3 billion DNA base pairs.
Why the genetic code is considered as commaless?
The triplet codes on m-RNA are positioned consecutively without gaps or spaces, making the genetic code regarded as devoid of commas.
What is the function of an RNA primer during protein synthesis?
The RNA primer attracts matching nucleotides from the nucleoplasm, facilitating the construction of a complementary mRNA strand.
Give an example of chromosomal disorder caused due to non-disjunction of autosomes.
One example of a chromosomal disorder caused by non-disjunction of autosomes is Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21. This condition arises when there’s an extra copy of chromosome 21, usually due to non-disjunction during the formation of the egg or sperm.